Building construction



Nov. 22, 1927.

1,650,485 H. C. BLAN K BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed May 19. 1926 patentedNov. 22, i927.

resales HERMAN C. BLANK, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.,

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed May 19,

` My `invention relates in general to the construction of building wallswith poured ooncrete,and to a novel means ioreii'ecting suchvconstruction without the use of the external forms now generallyemployed. y

rlfhe common practice in building walls 'with poured concrete, consistsof building temporary externa-l forms of wood and pouring the concreteinto `such forms. After the concrete is set sutliciently,f` hard, theforms are removed. It will be apparent that this involves a large outlayfor labor'and materials, as the materials, are. usually damaged too muchto Vbeused again. i y

According to the present invention permanent members'oi1 the wallalreerected, and the concrete is pouredinlbetween such members, which servetoprovide a suitable form, and the whole is formed into one integralunit. Y v p C Another object is to provide a wall of the hind describedwhich shall be tire-proof, damp-proof, and provide asuitable dead-airspace i'or Warmth and dryness. Y

l/Vith the above and other objects in view, which will more particularlyappear in the p following speciiication, `I have employed theconstruction generallyshownfin the ac# companying dra-wings, in Iwhichlike numerals oi reference indicate similar parts throughout the variousviews, and in which,

Figure 1 is a horizontal section of a `portion 01": a wall showingmyimproved method of construction. y

' Figure 2 is a verticalsection ot `a `portion of a wall showing myimpro-ved construction.

shown one style of my invention, as applied poured into the space formedas hereinafter described. Upon the foundation 1 I have erected twogroups of suitable channel irons, as 2 and 3, suitably spaced, andheldin such spaced relation by Ameans of thetie barsy or In the accompanyingillustrations, I have 1926.- Serial No. 110,168.

rods 4,` 4 which may be flat pieces of metal, with holes bored at eitherend and adapted to be attached to the channel irons by nails or wires,as shown at 17. in Fig. 1, or may be suitable rods or wires as4, 4,which are the preferred form, inwhich. case the bent ends are placed inengagement with suitable holes in the channel irons, and the ends of therods ybent to form permanent connections therewith as shown in Fig. 2.

At a suitable elevation from the bottom I usually place temporarily atwo inch timber as ,between lthe channel irons 2 and 3,

`restingV said timber upon `temporary tie rods 4,4 for a temporary,support, and to this timberl I attach suitable braces as6, 6 to holdthesaid channel irons in perpendicular position until a portion of thewall has been completed. When the construction of the wall has reached apoint where it is convenient, this timber may be removed from the posi--tion shown, and may then be inserted at the top of the channel irons, asshown in Fig. 2. When the wall is completed, this timber is usuallyembeddedin the concrete at the top of thewall, betweenthe channel irons,to form a' plate, tok which may -be attached the ceilingjoists, or otherportions of the frame superstructure." On the exterior,- side of the rowofchannel irons 2, Ihave attached suit` able expanded'metal lath, `orwire mesh 7, which may be attached to the channel irons 2, 2 by means ofthe tie wires 8, 8, or any scribed, by means o the additional braces 9,`9, which pass aboutthe channel irons ,2, 2, andengage the metal lath atsome distance from thepoint of contact with said channel irons 2, 2. Onthe interior side of the wall` and of the channel irons 3, 3, I havepreferablyattached the metal lath,` or suitable wire t mesh, as 10, 10,which said metal lath islattached to said-channel irons 3, 3 by means ofWire `ties,f as 11, 11, or other suitable means, and is additionallystrengthened and stiffened by` meansof the additional'braces 12,12,which are attached to the channel irons as shown, and engage the wiremesh or metal lath as shown` at some distance from the contact betweensaid metal lath and the said channel irons. f

Between theuprightrows of channel irons "2,.and 3, I have provided awaterproofinf sulating'N member, 13, placed adjacent the channel irons3, 3, as shown. This insulat ing material is usually supportedtemporarily upon the tie rods 4,y 4 which pass therethrough, and saidinsulating material is extended downward to about the height of the topof the floor joists as shown in Fig. Portions of insulation or othersuitable material may be placed between the insulating material 13, andthe metal lath 10, intermediate the channel irons, if desired, as shownat 18, for the purpose of supporting the insulating material 13 againstthe pressure of' the poured cement which is placed against saidinsulating material, as hereinafter` described. Suitable wall plaster,or other plastic material is placed upon the metal lath 10 in the usualway to form the inside. nish of the wall, as 14. This may consist oflone or more coats, as preferred bythe architect. Upon the exterior ofthe wall upon tliemetal'l'ath is placed stucco, or other suitableplastic material 19, for the outside finish of the4 wall', and this saidfinish may bein one coat, or may be in several coats, as desired.

Into the space formedrbetween the insulating member 13, and the metallath 7 with the stucco thereon, forming the exterior of thewall, ispoured concrete as 23, to form a solidconcrete wall, embracing saidinsulating material, said tie rods 4, 4, said channel irons 2, 2 andIcemented to the clinches on the interior side ofthe metal lath 7 formedby the stucco placed thereon, forming one solid wall, re-inforeed by thechannel irons 2, 2, the tie rods 4, 4 and the metal lath 7. As theVinsulat'ingmaterial 13 extends downward only to the top of the floorjoists, this leaves an' opening or space formed by the boxing 16, andtheconcrete poured in from above as above described, iills said spacebetween' the floor joists and said boxing 16, thereby holding the joists'15, 15 in position,

p and ,closing all openings, making said construction rat andverminproof. As Wlll be readily seen, there is formed by this construction adead air space 24 between the insulating material 13, and the wallformed by the metal lath 10 and lthe plaster 14 thereon, thus providinga means of'resisting heat or cold, or dampness, as required.

At the cornersy I have preferably employedan. angle' iron at theoutsideas shown at`20, Fig. 1. This angle iron maybe embedded in the concretefoundation 1' as it is being-erected, and when suitably plumbed, will'furnishsuitable lines for erecting the channelirons 2 and 3 between saidcorners.

This angle ironl is suitably tied to the intey rior corner by thetiewires 21 21, as shown, and the corner construction 1s additionally.re-inforced by, placing Wire 22 midway between the channel' irons 2and-3 at said corners, Ito re-'inforce saidy corner and preventycracking or, breaking of theconcrete wall at the corners.

Suitable openings are left for the windowsv and doors, which may be offactory make, as usual. for doors and windows may be of angle irons, orI-beams, as in brick, or tile construction as at present employed tomake the wall fire-proof.

As my construction eliminates all wooden forms,and the labor and expenseof the materials, it will' be apparent that it is much more economicalthan the former methods employed. Again, the materia] and parts placedin position, form a permanent part of the completed wall, and assist inreinforcing said wall, and making it stronger and less liable to crackor be damaged than would be the case with a wall notso rcinforced. Itwill be further seen, that my construct-ion contemplates a completelyiinished wall, when the work is finished, with no parts to be altered,changed or removed. It is contemplated in erecting my said concretewall, that after the channel irons, and wire lathv and insulatingmaterial is in place, the stucco masons on vthe outside, and theplasterers onl the inside shall start a course around the wall, and whenthese courses are suiiiciently set, the concrete workers begin pouringthe concrete to form a like course, and follow the direction of themasons around the building. When the masons and plasterers havecompleted their first course, the concrete workers will be out oftheirway, andthey can apply a second course, and thus theworkers follow oneanother around the building, laying course on course, untilthe wall isfully completed.

` Having thus described my invention,what I ela-imy and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is the following 1. A form for concrete wallconstruction comprising upright channel irons, metal lath attached tosaid channel irons, plastic material upon said metal lath, insulatingmaterial between thecourses of channel iron adjacent the inner course,concrete poured into the space formed between the metal lath on'theexterior of said fall. and the insulating material, and a top plate of awidth equal to the space between the channel irons and adapted to beguided by the same in the construction of the wallv and embeddedin the.plastic material at the top of the wallbetween the said inner and outerchannel irons.

2. ln building-wall construction, the combination of a foundation, innerand outer groups of uprights spaced in parallel relation Aand mountedupon the foundation oor joists supported upon' the foundation at theinner group of uprights, metal lath on exterior and interior sidesofsaid uprights, an` insulating material mounted on' the If it is desired,the lintels lin ' inner group of uprights at the inner face thereof inspaced relation with the adjacent metal lath and spaced from thefoundation to provide an opening to permit concrete to flow between thejoists, and Vertical boxings arranged between the joists and extendingupwardly from the foundation and confining over the foundation theplastic material flowing between the said joists.

3. A wall forming construction comprising spaced concrete, retainingelements consisting of insulating material on one side, a

metal lath covered with plastic material on the other, said elementsbeing supported by suitable upright `channel irons and approximatelyV-shaped ties fitting against the channelV irons at the inner facesthereof and having diverging side portions extending to said metal lathto hold the said elements firmly against the. outer faces of the channelirons and forming permanent parts of the complete wall. v

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto affixed my signature, as required.

HERMAN 0..BLANK-

